Evaluación del impacto ambiental y posibles desastres naturales en un tramo de la carretera Manicaragua-Topes de Collantes
Fecha
2019-06-27
Autores
Piñeiro García, Magdey
Calderón Bravo, Ismael Andrés
Varela González, Claudia
Luna Delgado, Nailé
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Resumen
• Problemática: Actualmente cobra mayor importancia y se manifiesta una mayor necesidad del cuidado del medio ambiente natural y construido por lo que es necesaria la realización de los estudios de impactos ambientales mediante los cuales es posible predecir y estimar la afectación que una actividad, obra o proyecto de desarrollo producen en el entorno circundante, así como también prevenir las consecuencias de las acciones generadas por ellos. Además en el contexto de carreteras, los fenómenos naturales constituyen una amenaza, causando daños a los taludes, drenajes, carpeta asfáltica y a los aproches de los puentes. Sobre cada uno de ellos se realizará un estudio determinando cuáles son sus características, sus puntos vulnerables y cuáles son las posibles soluciones según la o las amenazas que afecten los dispositivos en estudio. Mencionando una serie de medidas de mitigación, sus consideraciones a tomar y sus aplicaciones.
• Objetivo(s): Evaluar los impactos ambientales y posibles desastres naturales en un tramo de la carretera Manicaragua-Topes de Collantes que comunica el poblado de el Guayabal y el Junco en la región central de Cuba.
• Conclusiones: se determinó que 10 de los 17 impactos (59%), valorados como negativos alcanzan la categoría de severos, lo que denota el grado de transformación de este tipo de proyecto a cualquier escala y 5 se asocian a la categoría de moderados para un 29 %. Además que se demostró que la omisión del análisis de riesgo en la planificación de la infraestructura vial, podría repetir un ciclo costoso de destrucción y reconstrucción.
• Problematic: It is currently becoming more important and there is a greater need for the care of the natural and built environment, which is why it is necessary to carry out studies of environmental impacts through which it is possible to predict and estimate the impact that an activity, work or development project produce in the surrounding environment, as well as prevent the consequences of the actions generated by them. Also in the context of roads, natural phenomena constitute a threat, causing damage to slopes, drainages, asphalt and to the approaches of bridges. A study will be carried out on each one of them, determining its characteristics, its vulnerable points and what are the possible solutions according to the threat (s) that affect the devices under study. Mentioning a series of mitigation measures, their considerations to take and their applications. • Objective (s): Evaluate the environmental impacts and possible natural disasters in a section of the Manicaragua-Topes de Collantes road that connects the town of El Guayabal and El Junco in the central region of Cuba. • Conclusions: it was determined that 10 of the 17 impacts (59%), rated as negative, reach the category of severe, which denotes the degree of transformation of this type of project at any scale and 5 are associated with the category of moderates for 29% In addition, it was demonstrated that the omission of risk analysis in road infrastructure planning could repeat an expensive cycle of destruction and reconstruction.
• Problematic: It is currently becoming more important and there is a greater need for the care of the natural and built environment, which is why it is necessary to carry out studies of environmental impacts through which it is possible to predict and estimate the impact that an activity, work or development project produce in the surrounding environment, as well as prevent the consequences of the actions generated by them. Also in the context of roads, natural phenomena constitute a threat, causing damage to slopes, drainages, asphalt and to the approaches of bridges. A study will be carried out on each one of them, determining its characteristics, its vulnerable points and what are the possible solutions according to the threat (s) that affect the devices under study. Mentioning a series of mitigation measures, their considerations to take and their applications. • Objective (s): Evaluate the environmental impacts and possible natural disasters in a section of the Manicaragua-Topes de Collantes road that connects the town of El Guayabal and El Junco in the central region of Cuba. • Conclusions: it was determined that 10 of the 17 impacts (59%), rated as negative, reach the category of severe, which denotes the degree of transformation of this type of project at any scale and 5 are associated with the category of moderates for 29% In addition, it was demonstrated that the omission of risk analysis in road infrastructure planning could repeat an expensive cycle of destruction and reconstruction.
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Palabras clave
Impacto ambiental, Desastre, Riesgo, Mitigación