Estudio fitoquímico de la especie endémica cubana Zanthoxylum pseudodumosum, una planta con potencial actividad antifúngica
Fecha
2020-12
Autores
Martín Cruz, Lisbet
Dueñas Deyá, Alexander
Guerra de León, José Orestes
Castañeda Bauta, Rut
Ojito Ramos, Katia
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Zanthoxylum pseudodumosum es una planta aromática endémica de Cuba que ha sido poco estudiada, por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la composición química de diferentes productos preparados a partir de la misma, así como evaluar la actividad antifúngica “in vitro” frente a A. solani. De sus hojas se obtuvo el aceite esencial mediante hidrodestilación, así como los extractos hexánico e hidroalcohólico mediante maceración. Se realizó la caracterización fitoquímica de las fracciones aisladas mediante ensayos químicos y con ayuda de la cromatografía de capa delgada. Los productos obtenidos se ensayaron frente al hongo fitopatógeno Alternaria solani, obteniendo los valores de Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI) mediante el método de microdilución. Los principales metabolitos encontrados fueron terpenos, alcaloides, cumarinas, antraquinonas, esteroides y compuestos fenólicos. El extracto hexánico mostró buena actividad antifúngica con un valor de CMI de 1000 μgmL-1, seguido del aceite esencial con 2000 μgmL-1.
Zanthoxylum pseudodumosum is an endemic aromatic plant from Cuba that has been little studied, for this reason the aim of this work was to determinate the chemical composition of different products prepared from it, as well as to evaluate the antifungal activity in vitro against A. solani. The essential oil was obtained from its leaves by hydrodistillation, as well as the hexane and hydroalcoholic extracts by maceration. The phytochemical characterization of the isolated fractions was performed by chemical tests and with the help of thin layer chromatography. The products obtained were tested against the phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria solani, obtaining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values by the microdilution method. The main metabolites found were terpenes, alkaloids, coumarins, anthraquinones, steroids and phenolic compounds. Hexane extract showed good antifungal activity with a MIC value of 1000 μgml-1, followed by essential oil with 2000 μgml-1.
Zanthoxylum pseudodumosum is an endemic aromatic plant from Cuba that has been little studied, for this reason the aim of this work was to determinate the chemical composition of different products prepared from it, as well as to evaluate the antifungal activity in vitro against A. solani. The essential oil was obtained from its leaves by hydrodistillation, as well as the hexane and hydroalcoholic extracts by maceration. The phytochemical characterization of the isolated fractions was performed by chemical tests and with the help of thin layer chromatography. The products obtained were tested against the phytopathogenic fungus Alternaria solani, obtaining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values by the microdilution method. The main metabolites found were terpenes, alkaloids, coumarins, anthraquinones, steroids and phenolic compounds. Hexane extract showed good antifungal activity with a MIC value of 1000 μgml-1, followed by essential oil with 2000 μgml-1.
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Zanthoxylum pseudodumosum, Alternaria solani, Aceites Esenciales, Actividad Antifúngica