Adecuaciones a las cargas físicas de entrenamiento para mantener la capacidad aerobia en triatletas juveniles
Fecha
2015-06-26
Autores
Rodríguez López, Roberto Carlos
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Editor
Universidad de Ciencias de la Cultura Física y el Deporte Manuel Fajardo
Resumen
El Triatlón es un deporte compuesto por tres gestos cíclicos: nadar, desplazarse con
bicicleta y correr, que se suceden uno a continuación de otro. La capacidad aerobia es
determinante para un buen rendimiento en la distancia Sprint y no debe descuidarse
durante la preparación, ni siquiera en la etapa especial donde tiende a disminuir. Es
necesario mantener un seguimiento del comportamiento de esta, mediante el control del
entrenamiento y de ser necesario introducir algunas modificaciones a las cargas físicas
que garantice la combinación de trabajo aerobio – anaerobio, logrando a lo largo del
entrenamiento valores adecuados de esta capacidad.
En esta investigación, se trabajó con una población de cinco atletas del sexo masculino
en la categoría juvenil de Triatlón, del municipio de Santa Clara, Villa Clara. Se
investigó en dos momentos del macrociclo de preparación: al principio y al final de la
etapa especial donde se realizaron las mediciones de la frecuencia cardiaca en reposo
y en la actividad física a través de test incrementales para cada especialidad. Luego de
los test iniciales se realizaron adecuaciones a las cargas físicas de entrenamiento
dirigidas a modificar la planificación física a partir de las áreas funcionales aerobias por
especialidad.
Se logró con las adecuaciones mantener la capacidad aerobia en valores adecuados
para la etapa que se investiga.
The Triathlon is a compound sport for three recurrent expressions to swim, to move wit bicycle and to run, they are happened one after others. Among their competitiv distances he/she is the distance Sprint (750 meters of Swimming, 20 kilometers (km) o Cycling and 5 km of Pedestrian Career). For the duration of the test we can affirm that the capacity aerobia is decisive for a good yield in the distance Sprint. The aerobic capacity should not be neglected during the preparation, not even in the stage of speci preparation where it passes to a second plane. It is necessary to maintain a pursuit of the behavior of this by means of the control of the training and of being necessary t introduce some modifications to the sport training that you/they guarantee the combination of aerobic work - anaerobic, achieving along the training appropriate value of this capacity, guaranteeing the recovery and their athletes' good physical acting. I this investigation, one worked with five athletes of the masculine sex in the juvenile category of Triathlon, of the municipality of Santa Clara, county of Villa Clara. They too two moments of the preparation macrociclo: at the beginning and at the end of the special stage, to carry out the mensurations of the heart frequency in rest and in the physical activity through incremental test. After the initial test they were carried out adaptations to the load of training directed to modify the planning starting from the wor areas for speciality.
The Triathlon is a compound sport for three recurrent expressions to swim, to move wit bicycle and to run, they are happened one after others. Among their competitiv distances he/she is the distance Sprint (750 meters of Swimming, 20 kilometers (km) o Cycling and 5 km of Pedestrian Career). For the duration of the test we can affirm that the capacity aerobia is decisive for a good yield in the distance Sprint. The aerobic capacity should not be neglected during the preparation, not even in the stage of speci preparation where it passes to a second plane. It is necessary to maintain a pursuit of the behavior of this by means of the control of the training and of being necessary t introduce some modifications to the sport training that you/they guarantee the combination of aerobic work - anaerobic, achieving along the training appropriate value of this capacity, guaranteeing the recovery and their athletes' good physical acting. I this investigation, one worked with five athletes of the masculine sex in the juvenile category of Triathlon, of the municipality of Santa Clara, county of Villa Clara. They too two moments of the preparation macrociclo: at the beginning and at the end of the special stage, to carry out the mensurations of the heart frequency in rest and in the physical activity through incremental test. After the initial test they were carried out adaptations to the load of training directed to modify the planning starting from the wor areas for speciality.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Atletismo-cargas físicas-entrenamiento-capacidad aerobia